Lubricating system for internal-combustion engines



H. H. BLACHE.

LUBRICATING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-2. 1919. 1,342,273.

Patented Julie 1,

m m w d c f a X 6 f mv Z UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

fIH IANS HENRIK BLACHE, OF HELLERUP, NEAR COPENHAGEN, DENMARK.

LUBRICATING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTIQN ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 1,1920

Application filed August 2, 1919. Serial No. 315,024.

Combusti0n Engines, of which the following is a specification.

In internal-combustion engines of the kind in which there is used aloose cylinderlining which is fastened only adjacent of the cylinderhead, the supply of lubrlcatlng 011 to the piston. is subject -to somedifliculties, because the lubricating oil should be supplied to thecylinder at the highest possible.

level. In other words, the oil should be pumped into the cylinder at sohigh a level, at least, that it will enter below or close to the topmostpiston ring, when the piston occupies its lowest position. In order tohave the oil supplied so far up in the cylinder, it is necessary tosupply the oil by way of a channel passing through the cooling waterchamber. As the cylinder and the cylinder-jacket encircling thecooling-water chamber expand differently, it has obviously beennecessary to place an elastic packing around the oil-supply pipe, at thepoint where the latter passes through the cylinder-'acket.

T e above mentioned construction suffers from the drawback that itrenders the removal and insertion of the cylinder-lining very diflicult,and as this removal and insertion of the lining must be performed nowand then, partly in order to clean the lining on the outside and partlyin order to bore it on the inside, the construction has demonstrateditself to be very unsatisfactory, as the holes for the severaloil-pipe'nipples, usually provided along the circumference of thecylinder, may not easily be located exactly in line with the holes inthe jacket.

The present invention remedies this defeet by supplying the lubricatingoil through a bore in the cylinder-lining below the water-jacket of thecylinder, and by providing a scraper-ring, which reaches below theoil-supply opening, when the piston is in its.

bottommost position, and whose scraping edge turns upward, or by boringa preferably vertical channel in the cylinder-lining, so that the oilfrom the supply-pipe is conveyed, through this channel, sufiiciently farup in the lining, before it is directedtoward the piston, by way of-achannel leading to the interior of the cylinder.

The accompanying drawing illustrates both the known construction,'- andsome manners of constructing the present invention.

F lgure 1 shows a. vertical section of the cylinder-lining, thecylinder-jacket and thepiston, and of the known supply arrangement forthe lubricating oil.

Figs. 2, 3 and 4 show similar sections of various structural embodimentsof the present invention.

In Fig. 1, a indicates the cylinder-lining, whichis fastened at its top,near the cover 6, to the cylinder-jacket c. The

cooling-water chamber is marked at, while e indicates the piston and fthe topmost piston-ring being, for the bottommost posit1on of thepiston, only slightly'above the lubricating-pipe nipple g, which isinserted' through the jacket 0 and is screwed into thecyl1nder-1ining"a.' Between the lubricating-pipe nipple g and the jacket0, there is provided an elastic packing 71 allowing the lining and thejacket to expand differently, without the lubricatingpipe. nipple beingappreciably influenced thereby. 'h indicates the pipe by way of whichthe. lubricating oil is supplied.

In the constructions of the invention shown in-Figs. 2 to 4, thecorresponding parts are indicated inthe same manner as in Fig. 1. Asit-appears from Fig. 2, the lubricating oil is supplied by way of a borein the cylinder-lining below the Water jacket 0. By this construction,the oil is lifted up into the cylinder by using, according to thepresent invention, a scraper-ring p located so far down on the piston,and so far below the bottommost piston ring is that it will reach belowthe oil-supply opening when the piston is in its bottommost position.The scraper-ring p consists, of

.known manner, of a resilient piston-ring turned down obliquely on theface touching the cylinder, as indicated for the face Z, while the topedge in the ring is sharpened. This ring will slide on top of the filmof lubricating oil during the. downward motion of the piston, whileduring the upward motion of the piston it will scrape the oil upwardalong the cylinder, so that the oil will be deposited far up in thecylinder, before the scraper-ring.p again moves downwardwith the piston.

Fig: 3 shows a'modified manner of constructing the invention. Thelubricating oil is not conveyed directly into the cylinder below thewater-jacket a, but passes through a channel 12, which is bored in thelining d farther up in the cylinder, where it flows in through thehorizontal channel 0 'above the scraper-ring p, which owing to theuse ofthe channel n does not have to be located so far down on the piston asmentioned above. By means of the channel a, the advantage is attainedthat the scraper-ring does not have to' lift theoil as far .up in thecylinder as it would be [necessary if the channel n had been omitted. Ifdesired, the vertical channel, or channels, 11 may be made so long thatthe oil is conveyed. up to a point on the cylinder wall which is levelwith the top most piston-ring,- when the piston occupies its bottommostposition. This is indicated in Fig. 4, where the second piston-ring fromthe top is replaced by a scraper-ring g,of the same construction as thebefore-mentioned scraper-ring p. By the construction shown in Fig. 4,the advantage is attained that the scraper-ring q will lift the oilclear up to the top end of the cylinder.

I claim as my invention:

1. The combination of a water-jacketed cylinder; a piston workingtherein and provided with a set of packing rings, and with a scraperringj distinct therefrom; and a lubricant supply passage formed solelythrough the cylinder wall and having-its inlet end located below thewater jacket and its outlet end opening through the inner face of saidwall at a point which is approximately opposite the scraper ring whenthe piston occupies its lowermost position in the cylinder, whereby saidscraper ring is enabled to scrape up the lubricant entering the cylinderthrough the outlet end of said passage and spread it in film form far upalong said inner face of the cylinder during the upward movement ofthepiston.

2. The combination of a water-jacketed cylinder; a piston workingtherein and provided with a set of packing rings and with a scraper ringdistinct therefrom; and a lubricant supply passage formed vertically Iin the cylinder wall and having its inlet end located below the waterjacket and its outlet end horizontally through the inner face of saidwall at a point-which is approximately opposite the scraper ring whenthe piston occupies its lowermost position in the cylinder, said scraperring having an upwardly and outwardly inclined outer face to 'enable itto scrape up the lubricant entering the cylinder through the outlet endof said passage and spread it in film form far up along said inner faceof the cylinder during the upward movement of the piston, and to slideover the fihn when the piston moves downward.

- 3. The combination of a cylinder; a piston working therein andprovided with a set v ment of the piston, and to slide over the filmwhen the piston mpves. downward.

4. The combination of a cylinder; a piston working therein and providedwith a packing ring and with a scraper ring distinct from the packingring; and a lubricant supply passage formed through the cylinder Walland opening at its outlet end through the inner face of said wall atapoint which is approximately opposite the scraper ring when the pistonoc- CHPIGS 1ts lowermost posltlon 1n the cylinder, whereby said scraperring is enabled to scrape up the lubricant entering the cylinder throughthe outlet end of said passage and spread it in film form far up alongsaid inner face of the cylinder during the upward movement of thepiston, and to slide over the film when the piston moves downward. y

In testimon whereof I aflix my signature.

' ANS HE NRIK BLAUHE.

